Measurement and Measurement of Data
Unit1: Measurement and Measurement of Data Introduction This unit introduces the conceptual foundations of educational measurement, exploring its scope, functions, and the critical need for objectivity in assessment. Central to this exploration is Stevens' taxonomy of Scales of Measurement—Nominal, Ordinal, Interval, and Ratio—which dictates not only how we classify data but also which statistical operations are permissible. 1. Concept of Measurement In the context of education and psychology, measurement is the process of assigning numbers or symbols to the attributes or characteristics of individuals (like intelligence, aptitude, achievement, or personality) according to specific rules. • Key Point: We do not measure the person ; we measure the attributes of the person. • The "Rule" Condition: The process must follow a consistent, logical system (e.g., scoring keys, rubr...